Case: 1 SEK 1142 APJ 1987

Citation

1 Sek. 1142 APJ 1987

The coin features a small "D" mintmark (for Eskilstuna) and the mintmaster's initial. Approximately 21,543,317 coins were produced in 1987. This version was demonetized on June 30, 2017 , and is no longer valid for payment in Sweden. Are you checking this coin for its collector value or looking for details on a different year

Case Overview: Collector Land Acquisition vs. Mst. Katiji (1987)

While it might look like a random serial number at first glance, this identifier likely points to a specific legal ruling within the Indian judicial system—specifically from the state of Andhra Pradesh. Breaking Down the Citation

Establish penalties for traffic offenses, ranging from minor summons to criminal charges for reckless driving. Key Legal Implications

  1. Precursor to Reformasi: It highlighted the judicial paralysis of the New Order era. Legal scholars referred to this case when demanding Reformasi in 1998.
  2. Birth of the Constitutional Court: The failure of the Supreme Court to protect constitutional rights in cases like this (and others regarding political parties) was the primary reason why the 1945 Constitution was amended to create the Constitutional Court (Mahkamah Konstitusi) in 2003. The MK was specifically given the power to review Laws (Undang-Undang), preventing the loophole used to dismiss cases like this in 1987.
  3. Change in Standing Orders: Post-1998, the Standing Orders were completely overhauled. The post-Reformasi Tata Tertib explicitly allows for voting if consensus is not reached, protecting the rights of the minority.

The Search for "1 SEK 1142 APJ 1987": A Forensic Analysis of an Astronomical Anomaly

Introduction: Decoding the String

For astronomers, archivists, and data historians, a string like "1 sek 1142 apj 1987" presents a fascinating puzzle. It has the hallmarks of a citation from The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ) from the year 1987, combined with an alphanumeric object identifier. However, a systematic search confirms this is a phantom reference.

The context of this event is rooted in the aftermath of Operation Blue Star (1984) and the subsequent assassination of Indira Gandhi. By 1987, Punjab was a region on the boil, engulfed in a violent secessionist movement. Margaret Thatcher, the "Iron Lady," arrived in India on a state visit, intending to bolster ties with Rajiv Gandhi’s government. However, her presence was anathema to Sikh militants who viewed Britain as complicit in the Indian state's actions, particularly regarding the alleged British advisory role in the Golden Temple operation.

The Dispute: The Khargram Panchayat Samity (a local government body) was authorized by the West Bengal Panchayat Act, 1973 to grant licenses for holding "hats" (local markets) or fairs. The Samity attempted to specify the particular days on which these markets could be held. This was challenged on the grounds that the Act did not explicitly grant them the power to set dates, only to grant licenses.